プログレッシブ和英中辞典(第4版)の解説
よび【予備】
a spare; a reserve
予備の 〔とっておきの〕spare；〔準備的段階の〕preliminary
予備の食糧
a reserve of food
まさかの時のために予備のお金をとっておく
keep some money in reserve in case of (an) emergency
客用の予備の部屋がない
We have no spare room for guests.
予備の調査をする
make a preliminary investigation
電池が切れるかもしれない．予備を持っていこう
The batteries may wear out. Let's take some spares [extras].
予備役
reserve duty; service in the first reserves
予備役将校
a reserve officer
予備金
a reserve fund; a fund in reserve
予備軍
a reserve (corps); the reserves
予備校
((go to)) a cramming [coaching] school
説明
Yobiko are private schools or institutions designed to prepare students for university and college entrance examinations. The great majority of students at yobiko are high school graduates who have failed in entrance examinations at least once and are preparing for the following year's exams. Some high school students also go to yobiko after school or in the evening. The private schools which prepare younger students for junior or senior high school entrance exams are called juku. Yobiko and juku are two major businesses in the entrance exam support industry.（意訳：大学など上級学校への入学試験に備え受験指導をする学校．予備校生の大多数は浪人生だが，現役の高校生の中には学校が終わった後で予備校へ行く生徒もいる．小中学生を主な対象とした，中学，高校受験のための塾と並んで受験産業の大きな柱である）
予備工作
preliminaries; spadework; groundwork ((for))
予備交渉
preliminary [working-level] negotiations
予備交渉をする negotiate beforehand; have a preliminary talk
予備選挙
a preliminary election；《米》 a primary
予備知識
background knowledge
予備調査
a pilot survey
予備費
a reserve [contingency] fund
７万円を予備費にあてた
Seventy thousand yen was set aside 「as a reserve fund [for emergency expenses].
予備品
〔予備の部品〕spare parts；〔非常準備品〕spares；〔予備の貯蔵品〕a reserve supply